Late defect detection is one of the most costly patterns in textile and apparel production.
A batch deviates. The deviation is noticed, at goods receipt, during QC, or after a customer has already placed an order. At that point, the options are all bad: accept the deviation and let it affect the brand, renegotiate with the supplier, or reject the goods and absorb the loss.
None of these are good options. And none of them address why the deviation went undetected.
The answer is usually the same: there was no objective reference during production. The target existed on a physical lab dip, or in a verbal approval, or in someone's memory of how the color looked at sign-off. Inspection happened visually, under variable conditions, by people comparing against a standard that was never precisely defined.
Tolerance discussions after the fact are always harder than tolerance definitions made upfront. The goal is not to punish deviations, it is to detect them early enough that they can still be corrected.